Day 15: Eating, drinking, understanding

Course › Week 3: People and places

Day 15 of 90 · about 60 minutes

By the end of today you can:

  • Use regular -er and -ir verbs in the present
  • Say what you eat, drink, watch, learn and write
  • Say "I understand" and "I don't understand"
  • Tell the three verb families apart by their endings

It's Monday of Emma's third week. She and Lucas are having lunch at a small restaurant near the agency, and Lucas has an invitation for her.

Warm-up: do you remember?

Before anything new, pull these out of memory. They come from earlier days, some from yesterday and some from weeks ago. Getting one wrong is useful: it shows you what to look at again.

  1. Vocês ______ (estudar) português?Do you (all) study Portuguese?
  2. Eu ______ (chegar) às nove.I arrive at nine.
  3. 1:30São uma e meia. É uma e meia. É um e meio.
  4. The coffee with milk costs seven reais.______
  5. I want a coffee, please.______
  6. O pão custa um ______. (the currency)The bread roll costs one real.
  7. I don’t work at home.______
  8. Eles ______ (morar) no Canadá.They live in Canada.
  9. Good night!______
  10. Até ______!See you tomorrow!
Show all answers
  1. Vocês estudam português?
  2. Eu chego às nove.
  3. 1:30 É uma e meia.
  4. O café com leite custa sete reais.
  5. Eu quero um café, por favor.
  6. O pão custa um real.
  7. Eu não trabalho em casa.
  8. Eles moram no Canadá.
  9. Boa noite!
  10. Até amanhã!

Listen and read

Listen once without reading. Which things to eat and drink do you hear? Then listen again and notice the verbs: today they end in -o, -e and -em.

Lucas Você come carne, Emma? Do you eat meat, Emma?

Emma Como, sim. Mas hoje eu prefiro peixe. Yes, I do. But today I prefer fish.

Lucas E o que você bebe? Suco? And what do you drink? Juice?

Emma Eu bebo água. E você? I drink water. And you?

Lucas Eu bebo suco de laranja. Você entende tudo em português agora? I drink orange juice. Do you understand everything in Portuguese now?

Emma Entendo um pouco. Eu aprendo muito com a Dona Marta. I understand a little. I learn a lot with Dona Marta.

Lucas É mesmo? Really?

Emma É. À noite a gente assiste novela e ela explica tudo. Yes. In the evening we watch a soap opera and she explains everything.

Lucas Que legal! E você escreve em português também? How cool! And do you write in Portuguese too?

Emma Escrevo um pouco, mas com muitos erros. I write a little, but with a lot of mistakes.

Lucas No domingo a família Almeida come feijoada. Você é a convidada! On Sunday the Almeida family eats feijoada. You’re the guest!

Emma Sério? Obrigada! A que horas vocês comem? Seriously? Thank you! What time do you eat?

Lucas A gente abre a porta ao meio-dia, mas só come às duas! We open the door at noon, but we only eat at two!

Emma Tá bom! E hoje, a gente divide a conta? OK! And today, do we split the bill?

Did you understand?

  1. What does Emma drink at lunch?Orange juice Water Beer
  2. Who watches a soap opera with Emma in the evening?Carol Dona Marta Lucas
  3. What is happening on Sunday?A day at the office Lunch with Lucas’s family A soccer game
  4. What time does Lucas’s family really eat?At one thirty At noon At two
Show all answers
  1. What does Emma drink at lunch? Water
  2. Who watches a soap opera with Emma in the evening? Dona Marta
  3. What is happening on Sunday? Lunch with Lucas’s family
  4. What time does Lucas’s family really eat? At two

Feijoada (fay-zhoh-AH-dah) is a rich stew of black beans and pork, served with rice. It's a classic weekend lunch in Brazil.

The other two verb families

On day 8 you learned verbs that end in -ar, like falar. Every Portuguese verb belongs to one of three families, named after the last two letters of the infinitive (the form you find in the dictionary): -ar, -er or -ir. Today you get the other two, and the good news is that they work the same way: take off the last two letters and add an ending.

Comer (to eat) is the model for -er verbs.

Portuguese Sounds like English
eu como EH-oo KOH-moo I eat
você come voh-SAY KOH-mee you eat
ele come / ela come AY-lee KOH-mee / EH-lah KOH-mee he eats / she eats
nós comemos naws koh-MAY-moos we eat
vocês comem voh-SAYS KOH-mayng you (all) eat
eles comem / elas comem AY-lees KOH-mayng / EH-lahs KOH-mayng they eat

Abrir (to open) is the model for -ir verbs.

Portuguese Sounds like English
eu abro EH-oo AH-broo I open
você abre voh-SAY AH-bree you open
ele abre / ela abre AY-lee AH-bree / EH-lah AH-bree he opens / she opens
nós abrimos naws ah-BREE-moos we open
vocês abrem voh-SAYS AH-brayng you (all) open
eles abrem / elas abrem AY-lees AH-brayng / EH-lahs AH-brayng they open
  • Eu como arroz e feijão. I eat rice and beans.
  • A padaria abre às seis. The bakery opens at six.
  • Nós comemos ao meio-dia. We eat at noon.
  • Eles abrem a janela. They open the window.

And a gente ("we" in everyday speech) still takes the same form as ele and ela: A gente come em casa. We eat at home.

Three families side by side

Here are the endings of all three families. Look at what changes and what doesn't.

Who -ar: falar -er: comer -ir: abrir
eu falo como abro
você, ele, ela, a gente fala come abre
nós falamos comemos abrimos
vocês, eles, elas falam comem abrem

Three things to remember:

  • The eu form ends in -o in all three families. Nothing new to learn there.
  • Where -ar verbs have an a (fala, falam), -er and -ir verbs have an e (come, comem, abre, abrem).
  • -er and -ir verbs are identical except for nós: comemos but abrimos. The nós form always keeps the vowel of the infinitive: falar → falamos, comer → comemos, abrir → abrimos.

The mistake to watch for: after a week of -ar verbs, it's easy to say ele coma or eles abram. Those are real forms, but they belong to a different part of the language that you'll meet much later. For now: if the infinitive ends in -er or -ir, the ending for você, ele, ela is -e, and for vocês, eles, elas it's -em.

As with every verb so far, there's no "do" or "does" in questions, and you answer "yes" by repeating the verb:

  • Você come carne? Do you eat meat? — Como. Yes, I do.
  • Vocês entendem? Do you (all) understand? — Entendemos. Yes, we do.
  • Ela bebe café? Does she drink coffee? — Não, não bebe. No, she doesn't.

Ten verbs to use today

All ten of these are regular. They follow comer or abrir exactly.

Portuguese Sounds like English
comer koh-MEHR to eat
beber beh-BEHR to drink
entender en-ten-DEHR to understand
aprender ah-pren-DEHR to learn
escrever ees-kreh-VEHR to write
vender ven-DEHR to sell
abrir ah-BREER to open
assistir ah-sees-TCHEER to watch
decidir deh-see-DJEER to decide
dividir djee-vee-DJEER to divide, to share, to split
  • Eu não entendo. I don't understand.
  • A gente aprende português. We're learning Portuguese.
  • Ela escreve muitos e-mails. She writes a lot of emails.
  • Eles vendem pão e café. They sell bread and coffee.
  • Quem decide? Who decides? — A Carol decide. Carol decides.
  • Nós dividimos a conta. We split the bill.

Assistir is a false friend. It looks like "assist", but it means to watch something on a screen or a stage: a movie, a series, a game, a show. Eu assisto um filme no sábado. is "I watch a movie on Saturday." ("To help" is ajudar.) In careful writing you'll see it with an extra a, as in assistir a um filme. In conversation most Brazilians leave the a out, and that's what you'll hear in this course for now.

Things to eat, drink, watch and open

Portuguese Sounds like English
a carne ah KAR-nee meat
o peixe oo PAY-shee fish
o arroz oo ah-HOHS rice
o feijão oo fay-ZHOWNG beans
o suco oo SOO-koo juice
a cerveja ah sehr-VAY-zhah beer
o chá oo shah tea
a novela ah noh-VEH-lah soap opera
a mensagem ah men-SAH-zhayng message
a porta ah PAWR-tah door
a janela ah zhah-NEH-lah window
a conta ah KOHN-tah bill, check

Rice and beans, arroz e feijão, is on the table at almost every Brazilian lunch. And "orange juice" is suco de laranja: literally "juice of orange".

Practice

Pick the right form of the verb.

  1. Eu ___ arroz e feijão.como comem come
  2. A Emma ___ água.bebo bebem bebe
  3. Nós ___ português.aprendemos aprendamos aprendimos
  4. Nós ___ a janela.abremos abrimos abramos
  5. Eles ___ suco de laranja.vende vendam vendem
  6. A gente ___ novela à noite.assiste assistem assistimos
Show all answers
  1. Eu como arroz e feijão.
  2. A Emma bebe água.
  3. Nós aprendemos português.
  4. Nós abrimos a janela.
  5. Eles vendem suco de laranja.
  6. A gente assiste novela à noite.

Which verb makes sense?

  1. A gente ___ um filme à noite.bebe vende assiste
  2. Eu ___ um e-mail em português.escrevo bebo como
  3. A padaria ___ pão.bebe vende aprende
  4. Você ___ suco ou água?bebe escreve abre
Show all answers
  1. A gente assiste um filme à noite.
  2. Eu escrevo um e-mail em português.
  3. A padaria vende pão.
  4. Você bebe suco ou água?

Complete with the right form of the verb in brackets.

  1. Eu ______ (beber) café de manhã.I drink coffee in the morning.
  2. Você ______ (entender) inglês?Do you understand English?
  3. O Lucas não ______ (comer) peixe.Lucas doesn’t eat fish.
  4. Nós ______ (escrever) muitas mensagens no trabalho.We write a lot of messages at work.
  5. A padaria ______ (abrir) às seis da manhã.The bakery opens at six in the morning.
  6. Elas ______ (vender) livros.They sell books.
  7. A gente ______ (dividir) o trabalho.We share the work.
  8. Vocês ______ (assistir) futebol no domingo?Do you (all) watch soccer on Sunday?
  9. Ela ______ (trabalhar) com o Lucas.She works with Lucas.
  10. Nós ______ (estar) com fome.We’re hungry.
  11. Quantos anos você ______ (ter)?How old are you?
  12. Eu ______ (gostar) de feijão.I like beans.
Show all answers
  1. Eu bebo café de manhã.
  2. Você entende inglês?
  3. O Lucas não come peixe.
  4. Nós escrevemos muitas mensagens no trabalho.
  5. A padaria abre às seis da manhã.
  6. Elas vendem livros.
  7. A gente divide o trabalho.
  8. Vocês assistem futebol no domingo?
  9. Ela trabalha com o Lucas.
  10. Nós estamos com fome.
  11. Quantos anos você tem?
  12. Eu gosto de feijão.

Write it in Portuguese.

  1. I eat bread in the morning.______
  2. Do you understand Portuguese? (to one person)______
  3. We learn a lot at work. (use nós)______
  4. She drinks orange juice.______
  5. I don’t understand.______
  6. The bakery opens at seven.______
  7. We watch a movie on Saturday. (use a gente)______
  8. They sell cars. (a mixed group)______
Show all answers
  1. Eu como pão de manhã.
  2. Você entende português?
  3. Nós aprendemos muito no trabalho.
  4. Ela bebe suco de laranja.
  5. Eu não entendo.
  6. A padaria abre às sete.
  7. A gente assiste um filme no sábado.
  8. Eles vendem carros.

Put the words in order.

  1. I don’t drink beer.______
  2. What do you (all) drink in the evening?______
  3. We open the door at eight.______
  4. She writes messages in Portuguese.______
  5. You understand everything, right?______
Show all answers
  1. Eu não bebo cerveja.
  2. O que vocês bebem à noite?
  3. Nós abrimos a porta às oito.
  4. Ela escreve mensagens em português.
  5. Você entende tudo, né?

Listen and write what you hear.

  1. ______I eat rice and beans.
  2. ______Do you drink coffee?
  3. ______We’re learning Portuguese.
  4. ______They open at nine.
  5. ______I don’t understand the message.
Show all answers
  1. Eu como arroz e feijão.
  2. Você bebe café?
  3. A gente aprende português.
  4. Eles abrem às nove.
  5. Eu não entendo a mensagem.

Speak and write

Answer out loud about yourself first, then open the model answer and compare.

  1. O que você come de manhã?

    Show a model answer

    De manhã eu como pão e bebo café.

  2. Você bebe café ou chá?

    Show a model answer

    Eu bebo café. Não gosto de chá.

  3. Você entende português?

    Show a model answer

    Entendo um pouco. Eu aprendo português em casa.

  4. Say what you watch in the evening.

    Show a model answer

    À noite eu assisto séries.

  5. Ask a friend if they eat meat.

    Show a model answer

    Você come carne?

  6. Say that you and a friend split the bill (use a gente).

    Show a model answer

    A gente divide a conta.

Write: six sentences about your habits, one with each of these verbs: comer, beber, assistir, aprender, escrever, abrir. For example: Eu como pão de manhã. Eu abro a janela às sete. Then change three of them to nós and read everything out loud.

Verb workout

Type each form from memory, then say it out loud.

comer to eat · Present

  1. eu ______comer · present
  2. você ______comer · present
  3. nós ______comer · present
  4. eles ______comer · present
Show all answers
  1. eu como
  2. você come
  3. nós comemos
  4. eles comem

The full guide to comer: every tense, examples and ten more sentences →

abrir to open · Present

  1. eu ______abrir · present
  2. a gente ______abrir · present
  3. nós ______abrir · present
  4. vocês ______abrir · present
Show all answers
  1. eu abro
  2. a gente abre
  3. nós abrimos
  4. vocês abrem

The full guide to abrir: every tense, examples and ten more sentences →

Flashcards

Spend about ten minutes on today’s words. Mark a card “I know it” only when the answer comes straight away.

Finish day 15

Done with the practice, the verbs and the flashcards? Then that’s today finished. Come back tomorrow: a little every day is what makes it stick.

Next: Day 16: My family →

Scroll to Top