Day 22: Want, can, need

Course › Week 4: Getting things done

Day 22 of 90 · about 60 minutes

By the end of today you can:

  • Say what you want and ask what someone else wants with querer
  • Say what you can and can't do, and ask permission, with poder
  • Say what you need and what you have to do with precisar and ter que
  • Put two verbs together: I want to go, I can't stay, I have to work

Welcome to week 4! Emma has been in São Paulo for three weeks. Today Lucas invites her to dinner at the restaurant of his best friend, Rafa. But first there's work to finish, and Carol has a request.

Warm-up: do you remember?

Before anything new, pull these out of memory. They come from earlier days, some from yesterday and some from weeks ago. Getting one wrong is useful: it shows you what to look at again.

  1. We drink coffee in the morning. (use nós)______
  2. Vocês ___ português?entende entendemos entendem
  3. She has long hair and brown eyes.______
  4. A Helena e o Jorge moram longe do centro. A casa ______ (their) é grande.Helena and Jorge live far from downtown. Their house is big.
  5. Is there a bathroom here?______
  6. Where is the bathroom? (use ficar)______
  7. Eu ___ arroz e feijão.como comem come
  8. Você ___ suco ou água?bebe escreve abre
  9. Você ______ (morar) em São Paulo?Do you live in São Paulo?
  10. I live in São Paulo.______
Show all answers
  1. Nós bebemos café de manhã.
  2. Vocês entendem português?
  3. Ela tem cabelo comprido e olhos castanhos.
  4. A Helena e o Jorge moram longe do centro. A casa deles é grande.
  5. Tem um banheiro aqui?
  6. Onde fica o banheiro?
  7. Eu como arroz e feijão.
  8. Você bebe suco ou água?
  9. Você mora em São Paulo?
  10. Eu moro em São Paulo.

Listen and read

Listen once without reading. Which words do you hear right before jantar, ir, terminar and falar?

Lucas Emma, você quer jantar no restaurante do Rafa hoje? Emma, do you want to have dinner at Rafa’s restaurant tonight?

Emma Eu quero, mas não posso ir cedo. Tenho que terminar um projeto. I want to, but I can’t go early. I have to finish a project.

Lucas A gente pode ir às oito. Tá bom? We can go at eight. Is that OK?

Emma Tá bom! Só preciso de mais uma hora. OK! I only need one more hour.

Carol Emma, você pode falar com o cliente amanhã às nove? Emma, can you talk to the client tomorrow at nine?

Emma Posso, sim. Eu preciso chegar mais cedo? Yes, I can. Do I need to get here earlier?

Carol Não precisa. Mas você tem que terminar o projeto hoje. No need. But you have to finish the project today.

Emma Tudo bem. Carol, posso usar a sala grande amanhã? All right. Carol, can I use the big room tomorrow?

Carol Pode, claro. Of course you can.

Emma Lucas, dá para ir ao restaurante a pé? Lucas, is it possible to walk to the restaurant?

Lucas Não dá, é muito longe. A gente tem que ir de metrô. No, it’s too far. We have to go by subway.

Emma Ótimo. Eu queria muito comer comida da Bahia! Great. I’d really like to eat food from Bahia!

Lucas Então você vai adorar o restaurante do Rafa. Then you’re going to love Rafa’s restaurant.

Did you understand?

  1. Why can’t Emma go early?She has to meet a client tonight. She isn’t hungry. She has to finish a project.
  2. What time are they going to the restaurant?At seven At nine At eight
  3. What does Emma ask Carol?If she can work on Saturday If she can use the big room If she can go home early
  4. How are they getting to the restaurant?On foot By bus By subway
Show all answers
  1. Why can’t Emma go early? She has to finish a project.
  2. What time are they going to the restaurant? At eight
  3. What does Emma ask Carol? If she can use the big room
  4. How are they getting to the restaurant? By subway

Querer: to want

Querer is a little irregular: the você form has no ending at all. It's just quer.

Portuguese Sounds like English
eu quero EH-oo KEH-roo I want
você quer voh-SAY kehr you want
ele quer / ela quer AY-lee kehr / EH-lah kehr he wants / she wants
nós queremos naws keh-RAY-moos we want
vocês querem voh-SAYS KEH-rayng you (all) want
eles querem / elas querem AY-lees KEH-rayng / EH-lahs KEH-rayng they want

After querer you can put a thing or an action. The action is a verb in its dictionary form (the infinitive, the form that ends in -ar, -er or -ir). English needs "to" here; Portuguese needs nothing.

  • Eu quero um café. I want a coffee.
  • Eu quero jantar. I want to have dinner.
  • Você quer ir ao cinema? Do you want to go to the movies?
  • A gente não quer sair hoje. We don't want to go out today.

The polite "I'd like": eu queria. Eu quero is fine with friends, but when you're asking a waiter, a salesperson or a stranger for something, Brazilians soften it to eu queria (keh-REE-ah), "I'd like": Eu queria um café, por favor. The form comes from a past tense you'll learn in week 7. For now, learn eu queria as one phrase.

Poder: can

Poder has one surprise: eu posso. The other forms keep the pod-.

Portuguese Sounds like English
eu posso EH-oo PAW-soo I can
você pode voh-SAY PAW-djee you can
ele pode / ela pode AY-lee PAW-djee / EH-lah PAW-djee he can / she can
nós podemos naws poh-DAY-moos we can
vocês podem voh-SAYS PAW-dayng you (all) can
eles podem / elas podem AY-lees PAW-dayng / EH-lahs PAW-dayng they can

Use poder when something is possible or allowed, and to ask people to do things:

  • Eu não posso ir hoje. I can't go today.
  • Você pode falar mais devagar? Can you speak more slowly?
  • Posso entrar? Can I come in? / May I come in?
  • Posso usar o seu celular? Can I use your phone?

To say yes, repeat the verb, as always: Posso entrar? — Pode! or Pode, claro. To say no: Não pode.

One "can" that isn't poder. For a skill you've learned ("I can swim", "I can speak Portuguese"), Portuguese uses a different verb, which comes on day 38. Until then, remember that you already know how to say the most useful one without any "can" at all: Eu falo português.

Precisar and ter que: need to, have to

Precisar (to need) is a regular -ar verb: preciso, precisa, precisamos, precisam. What matters is the little word after it:

Portuguese Sounds like English
precisar + verb preh-see-ZAR to need to do something
Eu preciso trabalhar. EH-oo preh-SEE-zoo trah-bah-LYAR I need to work.
precisar de + thing preh-see-ZAR djee to need something
Eu preciso de um carro. EH-oo preh-SEE-zoo djee oong KAH-hoo I need a car.
Eu preciso da chave. EH-oo preh-SEE-zoo dah SHAH-vee I need the key.
Não precisa. nowng preh-SEE-zah No need. / You don't have to.

Before a verb, nothing. Before a thing or a person, de, and de joins up with o, a, os, as just as it does after gostar: preciso do celular, preciso da chave.

Ter que + verb means "to have to". You already know ter (tenho, tem, temos, têm). Add que and an infinitive:

  • Eu tenho que terminar o projeto. I have to finish the project.
  • Você tem que chegar às nove. You have to arrive at nine.
  • A gente tem que ir de metrô. We have to go by subway.
  • Eles têm que estudar. They have to study.

Preciso and tenho que are close in meaning, like "need to" and "have to" in English, and Brazilians use both all day long. You'll also see ter de in writing; it means the same thing.

Don't mix up the two negatives. Você não precisa pagar. means "You don't need to pay" (it's free, or someone else is paying). Você não pode pagar com cartão. means "You can't pay by card" (it isn't allowed or possible).

Two verbs in a row, and Dá para…?

Everything today follows one pattern. The first verb changes with the person. The second stays in the infinitive, right after it. Não goes before the first verb.

Portuguese Sounds like English
Eu quero viajar. EH-oo KEH-roo vee-ah-ZHAR I want to travel.
Ela pode ir. EH-lah PAW-djee eer She can go.
Nós precisamos estudar. naws preh-see-ZAH-moos ees-too-DAR We need to study.
Eles não querem trabalhar. AY-lees nowng KEH-rayng trah-bah-LYAR They don't want to work.
Dá para pagar com cartão? dah PAH-rah pah-GAR kohng kar-TOWNG Can I pay by card? / Is it possible to pay by card?
Dá. / Não dá. dah / nowng dah Yes, you can. / No, it's not possible.

Dá para + infinitive is one of the most useful phrases in Brazil. It asks whether something is possible, without saying who: "Is it possible to…?", "Can one…?". The words never change, whoever you're talking about. In fast speech you'll hear dá pra.

  • Dá para ir a pé? Can you walk there?
  • Dá para chegar às oito? Is it possible to get there at eight?
  • Hoje não dá. Today it's not possible. / I can't today.

Practice

Pick the right word.

  1. Eu ___ ir ao banco hoje.preciso preciso de precisa
  2. Ela precisa ___ um computador novo.a que de
  3. Você ___ falar mais devagar, por favor?pode podem posso
  4. Eu tenho ___ trabalhar amanhã.para que a
  5. Nós ___ viajar para o Rio.querem quero queremos
  6. What does "Não dá" mean?It’s not possible. You’re welcome. I don’t want any.
  7. A Carol ___ muito ocupada hoje.é tem está
  8. Eu vou ___ trabalho de ônibus.do ao à
Show all answers
  1. Eu preciso ir ao banco hoje.
  2. Ela precisa de um computador novo.
  3. Você pode falar mais devagar, por favor?
  4. Eu tenho que trabalhar amanhã.
  5. Nós queremos viajar para o Rio.
  6. What does "Não dá" mean? It’s not possible.
  7. A Carol está muito ocupada hoje.
  8. Eu vou ao trabalho de ônibus.

Complete with the right form of the verb in brackets, or with the missing word.

  1. Eu ______ (querer) um café.I want a coffee.
  2. Você ______ (querer) ir ao cinema hoje?Do you want to go to the movies today?
  3. Nós não ______ (poder) trabalhar no sábado.We can’t work on Saturday.
  4. Eles ______ (precisar) de um carro novo.They need a new car.
  5. Eu não ______ (poder) falar agora.I can’t talk now.
  6. A gente ______ (ter) que estudar hoje à noite.We have to study tonight.
  7. Vocês ______ (querer) comer pizza?Do you (all) want to eat pizza?
  8. A Emma ______ (precisar) comprar um celular.Emma needs to buy a cell phone.
  9. Vocês ______ (poder) chegar às oito?Can you (all) arrive at eight?
  10. Eu preciso ______ chave do apartamento. (of the)I need the key to the apartment.
Show all answers
  1. Eu quero um café.
  2. Você quer ir ao cinema hoje?
  3. Nós não podemos trabalhar no sábado.
  4. Eles precisam de um carro novo.
  5. Eu não posso falar agora.
  6. A gente tem que estudar hoje à noite.
  7. Vocês querem comer pizza?
  8. A Emma precisa comprar um celular.
  9. Vocês podem chegar às oito?
  10. Eu preciso da chave do apartamento.

Write it in Portuguese.

  1. I want a coffee, please.______
  2. Can I come in?______
  3. I have to work tomorrow.______
  4. We need a car. (use nós)______
  5. She can’t go today.______
  6. Do you want to have dinner? (to one person)______
  7. I’d like a water, please.______
  8. They need to study. (a group of men)______
Show all answers
  1. Eu quero um café, por favor.
  2. Posso entrar?
  3. Eu tenho que trabalhar amanhã.
  4. Nós precisamos de um carro.
  5. Ela não pode ir hoje.
  6. Você quer jantar?
  7. Eu queria uma água, por favor.
  8. Eles precisam estudar.

Put the words in order.

  1. I can’t go today.______
  2. Do you want to have dinner at the restaurant?______
  3. We have to go by subway.______
  4. I need a new cell phone.______
  5. Can I use your computer?______
  6. Can I pay by card?______
Show all answers
  1. Eu não posso ir hoje.
  2. Você quer jantar no restaurante?
  3. A gente tem que ir de metrô.
  4. Eu preciso de um celular novo.
  5. Posso usar o seu computador?
  6. Dá para pagar com cartão?

Listen and write what you hear.

  1. ______I want to learn Portuguese.
  2. ______Can you talk to the client tomorrow?
  3. ______We need to buy bread.
  4. ______I have to work on Saturday.
  5. ______They don’t want to go by bus.
  6. ______Can I pay with Pix?
Show all answers
  1. Eu quero aprender português.
  2. Você pode falar com o cliente amanhã?
  3. Nós precisamos comprar pão.
  4. Eu tenho que trabalhar no sábado.
  5. Eles não querem ir de ônibus.
  6. Posso pagar com Pix?

Speak and write

Say each one out loud, then compare with the model. Your answers will be different, and that's the point.

  1. Say two things you want to do this weekend.

    Show a model answer

    Eu quero ir ao cinema e quero jantar com os meus amigos.

  2. Say one thing you have to do tomorrow.

    Show a model answer

    Amanhã eu tenho que trabalhar.

  3. A Brazilian is talking too fast. Ask politely if they can speak more slowly.

    Show a model answer

    Desculpa, você pode falar mais devagar, por favor?

  4. You're at a friend's house. Ask if you can use the bathroom.

    Show a model answer

    Posso usar o banheiro?

  5. You're in a store. Ask if it's possible to pay by card.

    Show a model answer

    Dá para pagar com cartão?

  6. Say what you need to buy this week.

    Show a model answer

    Eu preciso comprar pão, café e frutas.

Write: six sentences about your week: two things you want to do (Eu quero…), two things you have to do (Eu tenho que… or Eu preciso…) and two things you can't do (Eu não posso…). Read them out loud.

Verb workout

Type each form from memory, then say it out loud.

querer to want · Present

  1. eu ______querer · present
  2. você ______querer · present
  3. nós ______querer · present
  4. eles ______querer · present
Show all answers
  1. eu quero
  2. você quer
  3. nós queremos
  4. eles querem

The full guide to querer: every tense, examples and ten more sentences →

poder can, to be able to · Present

  1. eu ______poder · present
  2. a gente ______poder · present
  3. nós ______poder · present
  4. vocês ______poder · present
Show all answers
  1. eu posso
  2. a gente pode
  3. nós podemos
  4. vocês podem

The full guide to poder: every tense, examples and ten more sentences →

precisar to need; used with de before a noun · Present

  1. eu ______precisar · present
  2. você ______precisar · present
  3. nós ______precisar · present
  4. eles ______precisar · present
Show all answers
  1. eu preciso
  2. você precisa
  3. nós precisamos
  4. eles precisam

The full guide to precisar: every tense, examples and ten more sentences →

Flashcards

Spend about ten minutes on today’s words. Mark a card “I know it” only when the answer comes straight away.

Finish day 22

Done with the practice, the verbs and the flashcards? Then that’s today finished. Come back tomorrow: a little every day is what makes it stick.

Next: Day 23: At the restaurant →

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